Build a Random Forest model

Builds a Random Forest model on an H2OFrame.

h2o.randomForest(
  x,
  y,
  training_frame,
  model_id = NULL,
  validation_frame = NULL,
  nfolds = 0,
  keep_cross_validation_models = TRUE,
  keep_cross_validation_predictions = FALSE,
  keep_cross_validation_fold_assignment = FALSE,
  score_each_iteration = FALSE,
  score_tree_interval = 0,
  fold_assignment = c("AUTO", "Random", "Modulo", "Stratified"),
  fold_column = NULL,
  ignore_const_cols = TRUE,
  offset_column = NULL,
  weights_column = NULL,
  balance_classes = FALSE,
  class_sampling_factors = NULL,
  max_after_balance_size = 5,
  ntrees = 50,
  max_depth = 20,
  min_rows = 1,
  nbins = 20,
  nbins_top_level = 1024,
  nbins_cats = 1024,
  r2_stopping = Inf,
  stopping_rounds = 0,
  stopping_metric = c("AUTO", "deviance", "logloss", "MSE", "RMSE", "MAE", "RMSLE",
    "AUC", "AUCPR", "lift_top_group", "misclassification", "mean_per_class_error",
    "custom", "custom_increasing"),
  stopping_tolerance = 0.001,
  max_runtime_secs = 0,
  seed = -1,
  build_tree_one_node = FALSE,
  mtries = -1,
  sample_rate = 0.632,
  sample_rate_per_class = NULL,
  binomial_double_trees = FALSE,
  checkpoint = NULL,
  col_sample_rate_change_per_level = 1,
  col_sample_rate_per_tree = 1,
  min_split_improvement = 1e-05,
  histogram_type = c("AUTO", "UniformAdaptive", "Random", "QuantilesGlobal",
    "RoundRobin", "UniformRobust"),
  categorical_encoding = c("AUTO", "Enum", "OneHotInternal", "OneHotExplicit", "Binary",
    "Eigen", "LabelEncoder", "SortByResponse", "EnumLimited"),
  calibrate_model = FALSE,
  calibration_frame = NULL,
  calibration_method = c("AUTO", "PlattScaling", "IsotonicRegression"),
  distribution = c("AUTO", "bernoulli", "multinomial", "gaussian", "poisson", "gamma",
    "tweedie", "laplace", "quantile", "huber"),
  custom_metric_func = NULL,
  export_checkpoints_dir = NULL,
  check_constant_response = TRUE,
  gainslift_bins = -1,
  auc_type = c("AUTO", "NONE", "MACRO_OVR", "WEIGHTED_OVR", "MACRO_OVO", "WEIGHTED_OVO"),
  verbose = FALSE
)

Arguments

x	(Optional) A vector containing the names or indices of the predictor variables to use in building the model. If x is missing, then all columns except y are used.
y	The name or column index of the response variable in the data. The response must be either a numeric or a categorical/factor variable. If the response is numeric, then a regression model will be trained, otherwise it will train a classification model.
training_frame	Id of the training data frame.
model_id	Destination id for this model; auto-generated if not specified.
validation_frame	Id of the validation data frame.
nfolds	Number of folds for K-fold cross-validation (0 to disable or >= 2). Defaults to 0.
keep_cross_validation_models	Logical. Whether to keep the cross-validation models. Defaults to TRUE.
keep_cross_validation_predictions	Logical. Whether to keep the predictions of the cross-validation models. Defaults to FALSE.
keep_cross_validation_fold_assignment	Logical. Whether to keep the cross-validation fold assignment. Defaults to FALSE.
score_each_iteration	Logical. Whether to score during each iteration of model training. Defaults to FALSE.
score_tree_interval	Score the model after every so many trees. Disabled if set to 0. Defaults to 0.
fold_assignment	Cross-validation fold assignment scheme, if fold_column is not specified. The 'Stratified' option will stratify the folds based on the response variable, for classification problems. Must be one of: "AUTO", "Random", "Modulo", "Stratified". Defaults to AUTO.
fold_column	Column with cross-validation fold index assignment per observation.
ignore_const_cols	Logical. Ignore constant columns. Defaults to TRUE.
offset_column	Offset column. This argument is deprecated and has no use for Random Forest.
weights_column	Column with observation weights. Giving some observation a weight of zero is equivalent to excluding it from the dataset; giving an observation a relative weight of 2 is equivalent to repeating that row twice. Negative weights are not allowed. Note: Weights are per-row observation weights and do not increase the size of the data frame. This is typically the number of times a row is repeated, but non-integer values are supported as well. During training, rows with higher weights matter more, due to the larger loss function pre-factor. If you set weight = 0 for a row, the returned prediction frame at that row is zero and this is incorrect. To get an accurate prediction, remove all rows with weight == 0.
balance_classes	Logical. Balance training data class counts via over/under-sampling (for imbalanced data). Defaults to FALSE.
class_sampling_factors	Desired over/under-sampling ratios per class (in lexicographic order). If not specified, sampling factors will be automatically computed to obtain class balance during training. Requires balance_classes.
max_after_balance_size	Maximum relative size of the training data after balancing class counts (can be less than 1.0). Requires balance_classes. Defaults to 5.0.
ntrees	Number of trees. Defaults to 50.
max_depth	Maximum tree depth (0 for unlimited). Defaults to 20.
min_rows	Fewest allowed (weighted) observations in a leaf. Defaults to 1.
nbins	For numerical columns (real/int), build a histogram of (at least) this many bins, then split at the best point Defaults to 20.
nbins_top_level	For numerical columns (real/int), build a histogram of (at most) this many bins at the root level, then decrease by factor of two per level Defaults to 1024.
nbins_cats	For categorical columns (factors), build a histogram of this many bins, then split at the best point. Higher values can lead to more overfitting. Defaults to 1024.
r2_stopping	r2_stopping is no longer supported and will be ignored if set - please use stopping_rounds, stopping_metric and stopping_tolerance instead. Previous version of H2O would stop making trees when the R^2 metric equals or exceeds this Defaults to 1.797693135e+308.
stopping_rounds	Early stopping based on convergence of stopping_metric. Stop if simple moving average of length k of the stopping_metric does not improve for k:=stopping_rounds scoring events (0 to disable) Defaults to 0.
stopping_metric	Metric to use for early stopping (AUTO: logloss for classification, deviance for regression and anomaly_score for Isolation Forest). Note that custom and custom_increasing can only be used in GBM and DRF with the Python client. Must be one of: "AUTO", "deviance", "logloss", "MSE", "RMSE", "MAE", "RMSLE", "AUC", "AUCPR", "lift_top_group", "misclassification", "mean_per_class_error", "custom", "custom_increasing". Defaults to AUTO.
stopping_tolerance	Relative tolerance for metric-based stopping criterion (stop if relative improvement is not at least this much) Defaults to 0.001.
max_runtime_secs	Maximum allowed runtime in seconds for model training. Use 0 to disable. Defaults to 0.
seed	Seed for random numbers (affects certain parts of the algo that are stochastic and those might or might not be enabled by default). Defaults to -1 (time-based random number).
build_tree_one_node	Logical. Run on one node only; no network overhead but fewer cpus used. Suitable for small datasets. Defaults to FALSE.
mtries	Number of variables randomly sampled as candidates at each split. If set to -1, defaults to sqrt{p} for classification and p/3 for regression (where p is the # of predictors Defaults to -1.
sample_rate	Row sample rate per tree (from 0.0 to 1.0) Defaults to 0.632.
sample_rate_per_class	A list of row sample rates per class (relative fraction for each class, from 0.0 to 1.0), for each tree
binomial_double_trees	Logical. For binary classification: Build 2x as many trees (one per class) - can lead to higher accuracy. Defaults to FALSE.
checkpoint	Model checkpoint to resume training with.
col_sample_rate_change_per_level	Relative change of the column sampling rate for every level (must be > 0.0 and <= 2.0) Defaults to 1.
col_sample_rate_per_tree	Column sample rate per tree (from 0.0 to 1.0) Defaults to 1.
min_split_improvement	Minimum relative improvement in squared error reduction for a split to happen Defaults to 1e-05.
histogram_type	What type of histogram to use for finding optimal split points Must be one of: "AUTO", "UniformAdaptive", "Random", "QuantilesGlobal", "RoundRobin", "UniformRobust". Defaults to AUTO.
categorical_encoding	Encoding scheme for categorical features Must be one of: "AUTO", "Enum", "OneHotInternal", "OneHotExplicit", "Binary", "Eigen", "LabelEncoder", "SortByResponse", "EnumLimited". Defaults to AUTO.
calibrate_model	Logical. Use Platt Scaling (default) or Isotonic Regression to calculate calibrated class probabilities. Calibration can provide more accurate estimates of class probabilities. Defaults to FALSE.
calibration_frame	Data for model calibration
calibration_method	Calibration method to use Must be one of: "AUTO", "PlattScaling", "IsotonicRegression". Defaults to AUTO.
distribution	Distribution. This argument is deprecated and has no use for Random Forest.
custom_metric_func	Reference to custom evaluation function, format: `language:keyName=funcName`
export_checkpoints_dir	Automatically export generated models to this directory.
check_constant_response	Logical. Check if response column is constant. If enabled, then an exception is thrown if the response column is a constant value.If disabled, then model will train regardless of the response column being a constant value or not. Defaults to TRUE.
gainslift_bins	Gains/Lift table number of bins. 0 means disabled.. Default value -1 means automatic binning. Defaults to -1.
auc_type	Set default multinomial AUC type. Must be one of: "AUTO", "NONE", "MACRO_OVR", "WEIGHTED_OVR", "MACRO_OVO", "WEIGHTED_OVO". Defaults to AUTO.
verbose	Logical. Print scoring history to the console (Metrics per tree). Defaults to FALSE.

Value

Creates a H2OModel object of the right type.

See also

predict.H2OModel for prediction

Examples

if (FALSE) {
library(h2o)
h2o.init()

# Import the cars dataset
f <- "https://s3.amazonaws.com/h2o-public-test-data/smalldata/junit/cars_20mpg.csv"
cars <- h2o.importFile(f)

# Set predictors and response; set response as a factor
cars["economy_20mpg"] <- as.factor(cars["economy_20mpg"])
predictors <- c("displacement", "power", "weight", "acceleration", "year")
response <- "economy_20mpg"

# Train the DRF model
cars_drf <- h2o.randomForest(x = predictors, y = response,
                            training_frame = cars, nfolds = 5,
                            seed = 1234)
}